Modeling and Control of Performance Expression in Digital Waveguide Models of Woodwind Instruments

Most digital waveguide models of woodwind instruments to date have provided only basic control parameters such as frequency, breath pressure, and vibrato. It is clear that if these models are to gain popularity as real-time performance synthesizers or as composition tools, more flexibility is necessary. This paper discusses the implementation of expressive controls for flutter tonguing, growling, tone-bending, multiphonics, and variation of attack style. These effects are implemented on existing clarinet and flute waveguide instruments using the application SynthBuilder on a NeXTStep computer platform. Finally, control of these expressive effects using MIDI controllers is discussed.